Islamic Economic Area. Muslim Civilization

The module: “Islamic Economic Area” consists of six Subjects:

1. Islam as the unifying factor of Islamic Civilization
   1. Introduction to Islam
   2. Islamic Community in the World (Ummah)
   3. Islam and Business
   4. Muslim Personalities
2. Islamic Economic Area
   1. Muslim Businesspeople
   2. Major Economic Institutions of Islamic Civilization
   3. Arab Economic Area
   4. Central Eurasian Economic Area
   5. Malay Economic Area
   6. Maghrebian Economic Area
   7. African Economic Area (*)
3. Economic Integration of Islamic Civilization (Economic Organizations, Trade Agreements)
   1. OIC Trade Preferential System
   2. Integration in the Arab Economic Area
   3. Integration in the Central Eurasian Economic Area
   4. Integration in the Malay Economic Area
   5. Integration in the Maghrebian Economic Area
   6. Trade Agreements and institutions covering all the Islamic Economic Areas
4. Interactions of Islamic Civilization
   1. African Civilization
   2. Hindu Civilization
   3. Western Civilization
   4. Sinic Civilization
   5. Buddhist Civilization
   6. Orthodox Civilization
5. Businesspeople of the Islamic Economic Area
   1. Arabs
   2. Asiatic
   3. Maghrebians
6. Economic institutions related to Islamic Civilization
7. The Case of Guyana and Suriname

Important note: Sub-Saharan Africa countries with Muslim majorities (with their agreements, institutions, Businesspeople) are analyzed in the module “African Civilization” because of its growing economic integration with the rest of African economies.

The Subject “Islamic Economic Area” is included within the curriculum of the following academic programs at EENI Global Business School:

Doctorate: Ethics, Religions & Business, African Business, World Trade.

Master: Religions & International Business, International Business, Business in Africa.

Why study “Islam and Business”?.

Languages: or Civilization Islamique Civilização Islâmica Civilización Islámica.

1. Subject Credits “Economic Area of Islamic Civilization”: 4 ECTS
2. Duration: four weeks

The purposes of the subject “Islamic Economic Area” are the following:

1. To define the characteristics of the Economic Area of Islamic Civilization
2. To understand the influence of Islam on the Islamic Economic Area
3. To learn about economic profile of Muslim Countries
4. To understand the economic integration process of Islamic Civilization
5. To analyze the main Muslim Businesspeople
6. To explore the economic relationships of Islamic Civilization with other civilizations (Western, Sinic, Buddhist, Hindu, Orthodox, African)
7. To analyze the main Economic Organizations related to the Islamic Economic Area

Observation

This module presents a summary on Islam, Muslim Businesspeople, regional agreements and institutions related to the Islamic Economic Area. The detailed analysis of each of them is carried out in its corresponding subject.

Islam as the unifying factor of Islamic Civilization.

1. Introduction to Islam
2. Sunnis and Shies
3. The Five pillars of Islam
4. Human Rights in Islam
5. Sharia
6. Islamic Jurisprudence (Fiqh)
7. Principles of Islamic Economics
8. Islamic Banking
9. Muslim Countries
10. Islamic Community in the World (Ummah): Africa, Asia, India, ASEAN
11. Muslim Personalities: Tawakkol Karman (Nobel Peace Prize), Haifa Al-Mansour, Lubna Bint Khalid Al Qasimi, Reem Ebrahim Al-Hashimi, Hayat Sindi, Hanan Al Kuwari, Hichem Djaït, and Muhammad Yunus

Major Economic Institutions of Islamic Civilization.

1. Organization of Islamic Cooperation (Formed by fifty-seven Muslim Countries around the world)
   1. Committee for Economic and Commercial Cooperation
   2. Islamic Centre for Development of Trade
   3. Islamic Chamber of Commerce
   4. Economic and Social Research and Training Centre
2. Islamic Development Bank (OIC member countries)
3. Arab League (formed by twenty countries in the Middle East and North Africa)

Islamic Economic Area. Economic profile of the countries of Islamic Civilization

From the economic integration of Islamic Civilization; we can identify the following economic areas grouping thirty-two Muslim Countries:

Arab Economic Area.

1. The Arab Economic Area consists of twelve countries:
   1. The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) member countries (Emirates, Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, Oman, Qatar, and Kuwait)
   2. Jordan, Lebanon, Syria, Palestine, Iraq, and Yemen
2. The Central State is Saudi Arabia
3. Arabic is the common language

Central Eurasian Economic Area.

1. The Economic Area of Central Eurasia consists of twelve countries: Azerbaijan, Albania, Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Turkey, and Uzbekistan
2. Because of its economic integration with these countries, its included Bangladesh and the Maldives
3. It is not clear which country is the Central State; Turkey, Iran or Pakistan could be
4. NOTE: 170 million of the Indians are Muslims; Islam is the second religion in Bharat (India). However, from this analysis, India belongs logically to Hindu Civilization

Malay Economic Area.

1. The Malay Economic Area consists of the three ASEAN Muslim Countries (Indonesia, Malaysia, and Brunei)

Maghrebian Economic Area

1. The Maghrebian Economic Area consists of the five countries of the Arab Maghreb Union (AMU): Morocco, Mauritania, Algeria, Tunisia, and Libya; and Western Sahara
2. Culturally we could consider to North Africa as a part of Islamic Civilization (Sunnite), but from the economic integration also to African Civilization
3. Arabic and French are the main languages in the Maghreb

African Economic Area.

1. The African Economic Area consists of the Muslim-majority African Countries: Somalia, Djibouti, Niger, Senegal, Mali, Guinea, the Gambia, Egypt, Sudan, Chad, Sierra Leone, Burkina Faso, Nigeria, Eritrea, and Guinea-Bissau
2. These countries are framed within the African Civilization due to its full integration with the rest of African Countries

Businesspeople in the Islamic Economic Area.

Arab Businesspeople.

1. HRH Prince Alwaleed Bin Talal
2. Sulaiman Al-Rajhi
3. Mohammed Hussein Ali Al-Amoudi
4. Yusuf Bin Ahmed Kanoo
5. Nasser Al Kharafi
6. Mohammed Al-Barwani
7. Mohamed Bin Issa Al Jaber
8. Abdul Aziz Ghurair
9. Majid Al Futtaim
10. Jawad Ahmed Bukhamseen

EENI delivers to HRH Prince Alwaleed bin Talal a Master Honoris Causa.

Arab Businesswomen.

1. Lubna Olayan
2. Shaikha Al Bahar
3. Haifa Al-Mansour
4. Amina Al Rustamani
5. Shaikha Al Maskari
6. Randa Ayoubi
7. Maha Al-Ghunaim
8. Ayah Bdeir

Asian Muslim Businesspeople

1. Mian Muhammad Mansha
2. Sandiaga Salahuddin Uno
3. Dewan Yousuf Farooqui
4. Muhammad Abdul Mannan
5. Tan Sri Mokhtar
6. Salman F Rahman
7. Islamic Revolutionary Guard and the Bonyads in Iran

Maghrebians Muslim Businesspeople.

1. Othman Benjelloun
2. Aziz Akhannouch
3. Ali Haddad
4. Mohamed Hassan Bensalah
5. Miloud Chaabi
6. Mohamed Ali Harrath
7. Anas Sefrioui

Islam is the second religion in the World by the number of followers:

1. 1.57 billion people are Muslim
2. 23% of the World's population practices Islam
3. Only 15% of Muslims are Arabs
4. 20% lives in MENA region (Middle East and North Africa)
5. 62% of the World's Muslim population lives in Asia
6. Furthermore, 300 million Muslims live in countries where Islam is not the majority religion: China, India, and Russia

From a socio-cultural and historical view; we should consider two distinct spaces.

1. Sunni area. With Saudi Arabia as the central state. From the economic integration within Sunnite Area we can identify four sub-areas:
   1. Arab area, covering the Middle East countries
   2. Malay area (Southeast Asia), formed by three countries: Indonesia, Malaysia, and Brunei, all ASEAN members
   3. Turkic area (Turkey), formed by the countries of influence of Turkic culture (Turkey, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, and Uzbekistan)
   4. Maghrebian area: Morocco, Mauritania, Algeria, Tunisia, and Libya
   5. African area
2. Shiite area (Iran). Iran is the Central State of the Shiite space. The following countries have Shiite majorities: Iran (90% of the population), Iraq (65%), Azerbaijan (70%), and Bahrain (70%)
3. Other countries with significant Shiite communities are the Lebanon (30% of the population), Yemen (40%), Kuwait (30%), India, Turkey (20%), Pakistan (20%), Afghanistan (15%), and Saudi Arabia (15%)